Japanese Education Essay Example For Students

Japanese Education Essay Havent you at any point asked why Japanese understudies persistently score higher in scholastics than the remainder of the whole world? Instruction and tutoring in Japan shifts incredibly than the tutoring in America. Japanese understudies have a more noteworthy preferred position over their American partners so that they are increasing a greater amount of training than the Americans. The Japanese understudies need to concentrate tenaciously and make a solid effort to increase a desire for getting a proceeded with training. Japanese youngsters have a more noteworthy chance to hold onto hold of their training than the American kids. At whatever point individuals begin to consider instruction and IQs as a rule they will in general consider Japan. Japan has the main education rate; at over 99% of its populace being able to peruse and compose. The Japanese arrangement of training is very efficient and organized. This is expected, to a limited extent, to the normalization of the topic and instructing devices. Understudies have an equivalent opportunity to get the educational plan on the off chance that they move to an alternate school. This is on the grounds that the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, and Science sets the educational program at a standard for instructors in all schools to follow. Japans present day educational system was built up around a hundred years prior. This was about when Japan was opening exchange to the remainder of the world and westernizing by and large. It demonstrated its instruction frameworks after the French and German educational systems. In any case, it doesn't demonstrate only one nation; it displays a large number of them. They consolidate this with their own plans to frame their very own educational system. Understudies at the basic level have incredible desires. Their condition mirrors their scholastic needs. There are around twenty-5,000 grade schools all through Japan. A commonplace Japanese Elementary school will have around 300 understudies and an assortment of exercises that go on. This implies the schools are numerous and can concentrate more on the kids. Understudies find the opportunity to exceed expectations in their lives. In the Japanese school day, understudies are in their homerooms by 8:30 a.m., and school gets out at 3:45 soon thereafter. Those are for their common government funded school classes. They have six classes all through their school day. There are a ton of activities in dependence on learning and considering. There are advisory group gatherings, club exercises, having school lunch, and in any event, cleaning. The understudies take practically full janitorial duty regarding their schools. The understudies get their exercises from their homeroom classes and hav e the educators switch between the classes. This takes into consideration the understudies to get reinforced with their companions that are in a similar homeroom. This makes a collaboration ethic that the understudies follow. They are shown math, Japanese, science, social investigations, calligraphy, and some different subjects from their homeroom instructor. Indeed, even lunch is served, generally, in the homeroom classes. Their lunch likewise shifts significantly than what were accustomed to eating. The school lunch today is southern style food on rice, bubbled potato prepared with sugar and soy sauce, sauted Szechwan pickles and leeks, and milk.()The just explanation the understudies would leave the study hall for the educational program is on the off chance that they required unique conditions. These could be subjects, for example, physical instruction or science, which would require a lab. Understudies are likewise urged to read for themselves. On learning in school and having a normal of two hours of schoolwork a night, they additionally concentrate individually to give them an edge at school. Fifth and 6th year understudies considerably further this in school in their PC labs. The understudies are encouraged the nuts and bolts of PC capacities, after that they start to learn all alone. They additionally have one hour of club exercises each subsequent week. They choose what exercises the club ought to perform. Schools have a wide range of clubs, including a games club, scien ce club, PC club, bike club, and numerous different clubs. Tutoring is essential to them. Japanese likewise have exceptional schools that are being created. A portion of these incorporate Akabanedai Nishi Elementary School in Tokyo. This school is one of the main schools to fuse PCs into the study hall. Every study hall has at any rate one PC on a LAN (Local Area Network) and is associated with fast Internet access.The educational program is additionally very progressed. Lower-grade youngsters gain proficiency with the rudiments of PCs and start to learn with them. The assemble data over the Internet, utilize the data in an introduction, and report what theyve realized on their own landing pages. They likewise go through groupware to set such things as email locations, databases, and gathering Internet study. Another such improvement is that of an open arrangement technique. Inside the open arranging strategy, understudies have no set plan and they learn in open zones. Furthermore, since schools are available to general society, this takes into consideration the external world to include themselves with the understudies. Since understudies cannot disguise themselves in the homeroom, they will in general converse with the educators all the more unreservedly and furthermore become all the more friendly and free. Middle school is an incredible hop generally. Rather than having six subjects, they have actualized eight subjects, which incorporate math and science. Different subjects that are required are music, expressive arts, wellbeing, and physical training. All these are required all through ninth grade.Math and science, specifically, are such subjects that become progressively troublesome. The instructors feel worried to encourage all that is expected to finish the High School placement tests. They have to get the whole educational plan out in a space of time that is practically lacking to permit understudies to learn it.The middle school science educational p lan is very troublesome. Indeed, even secondary teachers will take a gander at it and state, Wow, these children are doing troublesome things in middle school. I feel that substance is to such an extent that understudies are likely remembering it without getting it. (tenth grade science educator, Naka Vocational High School)Students need to retain things rather than learn them to pass their placement tests for High School. Regardless of responses to the trouble of the materials, the pace of the exercises in the study halls isn't what one would anticipate from such observations.These classes seemed to advance at a more slow pace that what youd expect.In reality, there are generally a great deal of understudies who finish early and chip away at schoolwork from different classes. Reading material in the Jr. Secondary School circumstance are very different than here. The greater part of them are no bigger than a short soft cover novel. Since they have a place with the understudies, they are permitted to compose notes in the edge and save for survey for the selection tests. Understudies are required to take them home; they don't have any storage spaces to keep them in. Significant tests are likewise consolidated into the Jr. High. They are called intermittent significant tests (teikishiken). They are comparable in structure to the selection tests of High School and College, and they come about once consistently. A ton of understudies concede that they wouldnt concentrate so a lot if there werent these tests to rouse them.And most understudies don't start reading for them until about seven days before the assessment. Those teikishiken (intermittent significant tests) are a groundwork for the genuine placement tests. Finish of Jr. Secondary School denotes the finish of required training in Japan. Be that as it may, despite the fact that it is the finish of the mandatory training, over95% of Jr. Secondary School graduates go on to High School. To make this progress, o ne must pass normalized High School assessments. The assessments comprise of five center subjects: arithmetic, social examinations, science, Japanese, and English. These tests might be prefectural or national, contingent upon where the understudy is applying. Most of understudies pick prefectural schools. Not at all like most nations High Schools where the zone in which the school you go to depends on where you live, Japanese understudies approach a bigger arrangement of schools inasmuch as the prerequisites are satisfied. Japan is exceptionally urbanized and most places have a modern open transportation framework, in this manner making an extraordinary rivalry for higher-positioned schools. Twelfth night analysus Essayhttp://jin.jcic.or.jp/nipponia/nipponia16/cont.html Nipponia 2001Hidetada, Shimizu. The Educational System in Japan. http://www.ed.gov/bars/JapanCaseStudy/index.html/June 1998Japan Online! Japan Education. http://www.asiadragons.com/japan/training 1996-2002Kinboshi Media. Japanese Education System. http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2150.html 1996-2001Shakunage Consulting, Inc.The Japanese Educational System. Michigan: http://www.shakunage.org/page.cfm/33/2001Title: Japanese Educational StudyHavent you at any point asked why Japanese understudies persistently score higher in scholastics than the remainder of the whole world? Training and tutoring in Japan fluctuates extraordinarily than the tutoring in America. Japanese understudies have a more noteworthy favorable position over their American partners so that they are increasing a greater amount of instruction than the Americans. The Japanese understudies need to concentrate perseveringly and make a solid effort to increase a desire for getting a proceeded with training. Japanese kids have a more noteworthy chance to hold onto hold of their instruction than the American youngsters. I.StandardizationA. EnvironmentII.Primary SchoolsA.DutiesB.CurriculumC.StudyingD.ModernizationIII.Secondary SchoolsA.DifficultyB.MaterialsC.Entrance ExaminationsIV.Juku and YobikoA.CrammingB.TimeC.Entrance ExaminationsV.High SchoolA.CurriculumB.TrackingC.Entra nce ExaminationsThese Japanese kids certainly have a serious instructive edge over a great deal of the world. In spite of the fact that they are customarily compelled into their investigations, they end up as the winner and have taken in a lot. What's more, the vast majority of the kids really need instruction. They are not exactly at school since they must be. Senior High schools have over 90% affirmation rate to Colleges and Universities. When they a

A Case Study On Terrorist Database Screening Information Technology Essay

A Case Study On Terrorist Database Screening Information Technology Essay presentation At the point when the FBIs Terrorist Screening Center, or TSC, was made after the 9-11 assaults, the objective was to unite data about presumed psychological militants from various government organizations into a solitary rundown. This was expected to improve correspondence and decline handling times. Subsets of the TSC watch list, for example, the No Fly rundown, were added to decrease the hang tight for plane travelers by screening just the individuals who might be kept from air travel. Be that as it may, a few issues have provoked inquiries in regards to the quality and precision of the merged rundown. For a safety effort dependent on recognizable proof of perilous people, an absence of data with respect to the names of suspects is a key issue. Since the rundown may incorporate copied name sections or psychological militant pseudonyms, evident non-fear mongers, for example, previous Senator Ted Kennedy have been liable to travel delays on account of names that take after those of suspected psychological oppressors. As per the contextual investigation, a solitary name on the rundown may have upwards of 50 copies. This adds to the more than 750,000 records that make up the TSC watch list. A significant reason for name comparability or duplication is the procedure to be remembered for the rundown. Different government offices perform ranges of explorer data, using incorrect spellings and varieties of psychological militant names. This regularly adds to consideration of honest people who don't have a place on the rundown. When an individual is on the rundown, there is no convenient solution to be expelled. As per the contextual analysis, more than 24,000 solicitations to be expelled from the rundown have been made, including demands from blameless explorers. Just 54 percent have been settled because of a broad handling time of 40 days. The Department of Homeland Security built up the Traveler Redress Inquiry Program to assist honest people with expelling themselves from the rundown and maintain a strategic distance from the broad screening and scrutinizing that outcomes from being a voyager noted on the TSC watch list. Security and profiling have likewise been concerns encompassing the creation and further advancement of the watch list. To improve the screening procedure and lessen cases of mistaken consideration, progressively point by point and individual information would need to be assembled about people on the rundown. This data may cause affectability and security issues and add to existing analysis of the rundown in light of its potential capacity to advance separation. A few people on the rundown bear witness to that they are set apart on the rundown as speculated psychological militants because of their race or ethnicity. In any case, without including private and delicate information, the necessities for consideration on the rundown will stay insignificant and add to all the more bogus positives. The TSC is attempting to improve information and information the board systems. Improved correspondence between insight organizations later on may significantly add to progresses in the quality and precision of the rundown. Yet, starting at now, the rundown remains as a significant air travel security measure in spite of its blemishes. As indicated by the contextual investigation, Given the alternative between a rundown that tracks each potential fear based oppressor at the expense of pointlessly following a few honest people, and a rundown that neglects to follow numerous psychological militants with an end goal to abstain from following honest people, many would pick the rundown that followed each fear based oppressor in spite of the downsides. Foundation A gathering of data from different articles filled in as the reason for this contextual investigation. Columnists from noticeable distributions web destinations, for example, The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, CNN.com and Businessweek.com added to the making of this contextual investigation through articles they composed in regards to the watch list. These articles, just as the individuals who kept in touch with them, fill in as the contextual investigation firm. Investigation The TSC watch list has shown an assortment of qualities and shortcomings since its creation in 2003. Advantages of the rundown incorporate more secure air travel for travelers and decreased screening time, however this has come at the expense of bothers and instances of confused personality with numerous guiltless explorers. Information excess and irregularity have added to addressing of the rundowns precision and quality. An insignificant absence of information and data has added to name duplication and mistaken incorporation of blameless explorers. So as to take out these bogus positives, or instances of mixed up personality, more data with respect to each presumed psychological oppressor on the rundown must be assembled. In any case, endeavors to assemble this fundamental data have prompted objections of protection intrusion issues which have thusly caused constant deferrals in information gathering forms. People would prefer not to be bothered by the unintentional incorporation on the rundown that is the consequence of absence of data, yet they would prefer not to bargain private data to guarantee that they are not dishonestly named as a speculated fear monger. In this angle, it appears as though there is no tolerable standard for the measure of information to incorporate that is an equalization of enough, however not all that much, data about a specific person. Another issue that may add to mistake is an absence of correspondence among government organizations. Non-FBI organizations, for example, the Drug Enforcement Administration and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives don't see themselves as supporters of the watch list procedure, or they may differ with what the FBI says comprises fear monger action. Some Department of Justice workplaces get to data that might be important to remember for the watch list however disregard to impart that data to the FBI. Improved correspondence and coordination of touchy and significant data would extraordinarily improve the quality and exactness of the rundown. The administration has made critical upgrades through the underlying formation of the merged watch list, yet this could be additionally enhanced by better administration rehearses and a common data framework. Making a supervisory group explicitly to screen the watch list and the data provided by other government organizations would improve the nature of the watch list just as correspondence with essential patrons. This gathering could likewise guarantee that honest people are not erroneously remembered for the rundown. Consolidating the assembled information into mutual data framework would permit all the associations who use the watch list access to significant information and would make a guard dog impact just as expanded security measures. Conversation What ideas in this part are delineated for this situation? The ideas from this section the case utilizes are record association, and issues with the conventional document position including repetition and consistency, information the executives and frameworks to deal with the information, and guaranteeing information quality. For what reason was the merged dread watch list made? What are the advantages of the rundown? The united watch list was made to hinder the hour of preparing names in the PC. A No Fly rundown was made as a subset of the fear monger watch rundown to diminish the time travelers are holding up at air terminals by just screening the individuals who are explicitly not permitted to jump on a plane. As per the article Director of Terrorist Watch List Says Government Has Technical Capability to Screen all Passengers Against Full List Before They Board Planes, by Fred Lucas of CNSNews.com, the No Fly rundown contains around 3,400 names, yet the PCs have the ability to screen the whole rundown if vital. The article likewise expresses that around 14,000 names on the rundown are placed in to another gathering that must have additional screening before the load up a plane. The advantages of a littler rundown certainly decline an opportunity to look into names in the framework. With more than 750,000 names, huge numbers of which are really copied, shortening the rundown makes utilizing it considerably more effective. Some additionally accept that the rules for jumping on the rundown might be excessively wide, and that shortening the rundown to incorporate just the most essential names to look for will help decline the measure of individuals who are mixed up as psychological militants. Depict a portion of the shortcomings of the watch list. What the board, association, and innovation factors are answerable for these shortcomings? One of the fundamental shortcomings of the watch list is the absence of data related with the names on the rundown. This issue has prompted numerous individuals wrongly distinguished as fear based oppressors, and copies of names. The contextual investigation said that one name may have up to 50 copies. The length of the rundown is likewise getting longer and more, which may make it less successful. The contextual analysis clarifies that the associations that assume a job in building up the rundown need to have progressively steady guidelines for what data is required to get a name on the watch list and comprehend what different gatherings need to realize who has been included so a name isn't copied. The associations need to cooperate by sharing data to diminish these copies and make the rundown progressively nitty gritty and instructive for its clients. The legislature could put resources into an ERP framework that will refresh every association when one name has been added to the rundown, so each gathering can refresh the name with the known data about that particular fear monger. In the event that you were liable for the administration of the TSC watch list database, what steps would you take to address a portion of these shortcomings? The initial step I would take to improve the rundown is have more research done on each name that the rundown incorporates. One of the principle objections of the rundown is that individuals are uncertain of how a name gets included and why they are included. On the off chance that there was a particular gathering of individuals whose activity was to keep up the rundown we would have the option to have more data demonstrate up when a name is seen as on the rundown to guarantee that the individual being screened is in reality a psychological militant and not an individual with a comparable name. In the event that this gathering was shaped, they would likewise be capable

Marijuana Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help

Marijuana Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Print What to Know About Marijuana Use By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 10, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 09, 2019 LPETTET / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Cocaine Heroin Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Does Marijuana Do? Common Side Effects Signs of Use Myths and Common Questions Tolerance and Dependence How to Get Help View All Back To Top Marijuana refers to the dried leaves, stems, flowers, and seeds from the hemp plant  Cannabis. The main active ingredient in marijuana is the mind-altering chemical  delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol  (THC).   Marijuana is the most common illegal drug used in the United States. According to a national survey on drug use and health from 2017, about 45% of Americans over the age of 12 have used marijuana.?? As of the 2018 midterm elections, 10 states  and Washington, DC had legalized marijuana for recreational use for adults over the age of 21. Over 30 states have laws on the books legalizing marijuana for medical use only, while several others have only legalized oils with low-THC content. Marijuana is still illegal under federal law. Also Known As: There are over 200 slang terms for marijuana, including pot, herb, weed, grass, widow, boom, ganja, hash, Mary Jane, cannabis, bubble gum, northern lights, fruity juice, gangster, Afghani #1, skunk, and chronic. Drug Class: Marijuana is often classified as a depressant, although it also has stimulant and hallucinogenic properties. Common Side Effects: Side effects of marijuana use include altered senses, mood changes, difficulty thinking, and impaired memory. In high doses, it can lead to hallucinations, psychosis, and delusions. How to Recognize Marijuana Marijuana looks like a shredded, green-brown mix of plant material. But it can look different depending on how it is prepared or packaged. What Does Marijuana Do? The membranes of certain nerve cells in the brain contain receptors that bind to THC, kicking off a series of cellular reactions that ultimately lead to the high people experience when they use marijuana. People use the drug because it elevates their mood and relaxes them. Depending on the level of THC, users may also experience euphoria, hallucinations, and paranoia.?? The most common way to use marijuana is to smoke it. It is often rolled into a cigarette joint, added to an emptied cigar casing to create a blunt, or smoked in a pipe or a water pipe bong. A newly popular method of use is smoking or eating different forms of THC-rich resins extracted from the marijuana plant.  It can also be baked into food (called edibles) such as brownies, cookies, or candy, or brewed as a tea. A Closer Look at Marijuana Use and Addiction What the Experts Say Marijuana use can be particularly problematic among teens because it may have a long-term impact on mental abilities including memory, learning, and thinking. One 2012 study found that participants who had begun smoking marijuana in their teens lost an average of eight IQ points.?? Because the most common method of use is smoking, marijuana use also poses respiratory risks and other smoking-related dangers. Smoking marijuana may increase the risk of wheezing, shortness of breath, and chronic coughing.?? According to a review published in 2015, research is mixed on whether or not smoking marijuana increases the risk of cancer. Some studies have suggested that there may be an increased risk, while others have found that marijuana use may actually have a protective effect.?? Despite these risks, there are reasons why people choose to continue to use marijuana. One study published in 2016 found people report using marijuana to:?? Relieve stress or tensionEscape lifes problemsEase boredomFeel good or euphoricFit in socially Why Do People Use Marijuana? Off-Label or Recently Approved Uses In addition to its use as a recreational drug, marijuana has a long history of use for medicinal purposes. While it has not been approved by the FDA, many states in the U.S. have legalized marijuana for at least some medical purposes. Medical marijuana is utilized to treat the symptoms of conditions rather than as a treatment for the condition itself. Research through 2017 suggests that marijuana is most effective in the treatment of muscles spasms, chronic pain, and nausea, making it helpful in relieving the symptoms of conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and epilepsy.?? Some of the conditions that medical marijuana has been approved to treat in many states include: AIDSAlzheimers diseaseCancerCrohns diseaseEating disordersGlaucomaCachexiaMigrainesSeizuresSevere painSevere nauseaPersistent muscle spasmsWasting syndrome Further research on the potential benefits of medical marijuana is ongoing. Recognized and legally sanctioned use of marijuana for the treatment or relief of symptoms will continue to evolve as researchers investigate these uses. As of 2019, medical marijuana is legal in 33 states as well as Washington, D.C. Common Side Effects Some of the common side effects of using marijuana include dry mouth, swollen eyelids, bloodshot eyes, loss of coordination, and an accelerated heart rate.?? Short-term risks include:?? Anxiety and paranoiaImpaired memoryDifficulty thinkingLearning difficultiesLack of attention and focusPoor driving skills Long-term risks potentially include:?? Respiratory problemsHeightened risk of infections, especially the lungsPoor short-term recallCognitive impairmentLack of motivation Regular marijuana smokers may also have many of the same respiratory problems that tobacco smokers have, including daily cough and phlegm, symptoms of chronic bronchitis, and more frequent chest colds. Continuing to smoke marijuana can lead to abnormal functioning of lung tissue injured or destroyed by marijuana smoke.?? While some of these risks cant be mitigated, there are things you can do to addressâ€"at least in partâ€"some of the above, if you choose to smoke. Signs of Use Marijuana can be consumed in a number of ways, although smoking is the most common method. If you suspect that someone you know is misusing marijuana recreationally, you may notice some of the following signs: Lack of focusTalkativenessSecrecySleepinessIncreased food cravingsBloodshot eyesPoor time managementDrug paraphernalia (e.g., pipes, baggies, rolling papers) It is important to remember that many of these signs may be caused by other things or may simply be variations in normal behavior. Watch for groups of behaviors rather than taking single actions as proof of drug use. How to Know If Your Teen Is Smoking Pot Myths and Common Questions One common myth is that marijuana is a gateway drug that almost always leads to the use of harder drugs. While there is some evidence that exposure to marijuana may make it easier to use other substances, the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) suggests that most people who use marijuana do not go on to try to become addicted to other drugs.?? Another common myth is that marijuana itself is not addictive. While it is not common, repeated use can lead to both mental and physical dependence. The Centers for Disease Control reports that as many as 1 in 10 people who use marijuana will develop an addiction.?? Marijuana today often contains much higher THC levels than in the past, which increases its addictive properties. Tolerance, Dependence, and Withdrawal Research suggests that regular use of marijuana may lead to tolerance. When tolerance occurs, it takes increasingly larger doses or more frequent use to achieve the same effects. In a 2018 study, researchers found that regular use of marijuana led to less prominent effects when compared to non-regular use. The research also found that the physiological, behavioral, and cognitive effects of marijuana decrease over repeated exposure.?? How Long Does Marijuana Stay In Your System? The amount of time marijuana stays in your system may depend on the dose and frequency of use. Typically, marijuana may be detected in urine tests for up to 13 days after use, however, regular use may lead to longer detection windows. The type of test used can also influence detection windows. While marijuana is only detectable by blood for a few hours, it can be detected by hair follicle tests for up to 90 days. Addiction Research published in 2015 showed that over 30% of marijuana users in the United States had use disorder in 2012 and 2013.??  Long-term marijuana users are more susceptible to addiction. People who begin using marijuana before age 18 are four to seven times more likely than adults ages 22â€"26 to develop an addiction.?? Drug craving and withdrawal symptoms can make it hard for long-term marijuana smokers to stop using the drug. People trying to quit report irritability, sleeplessness, and anxiety. A drug is considered addictive if it causes someone to compulsively, and often uncontrollably, crave, seek, and use it, even in the face of negative health and social consequences. Marijuana meets this criterion. Can You Really Become Addicted to Marijuana? Withdrawal Some of the common symptoms of marijuana withdrawal that people report experiencing include:?? Difficulty sleepingDrug cravingsDecreased appetiteAnxietyIrritabilityMood changesHeadachesChills and sweatsDepression These symptoms can range from mild to more severe. These withdrawal symptoms can usually be self-managed, although you should talk to your doctor if they become severe, prolonged, or if you experience symptoms of depression.  Verywell / Gary Ferster Overview of Marijuana Withdrawal How to Get Help Treatment for marijuana use often utilizes counseling and psychotherapy. The goal is to help people learn new behaviors and address any additional addictions or co-occurring psychiatric conditions. Forms of counseling or therapy that may be effective include:?? Cognitive-behavioral therapyMotivational incentivesIndividual or group counselingFamily therapySupport groups While there is no medication approved for the treatment of marijuana disorder, antidepressants and other medications may be used to treat symptoms of conditions such as depression or anxiety. If marijuana use becomes a problem for you, talk to your doctor or call the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administrations national helpline at 1-800-662-HELP (4357).